Disinfection of drinking water provides critical public health protection. Disinfection destroys bacteria and viruses and prevents the spread of waterborne disease. The most commonly used disinfectant for both drinking water and wastewater treatment is chlorine. Its effectiveness against a wide spectrum of disease causing organisms, relatively low cost, and high reliability contribute to its popularity.
Disinfection of potable water with chlorine has been practised for more than 90 years. Since that time no epidemic disease occurred in any of the countries where potable water is disinfected.
Chlorine can be applied directly to water as gas, or through the use of chlorinating chemicals. Other alternative disinfectants, such as chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet radiation, are also used to varying degrees.
Each disinfection technology has unique benefits, limitations, and costs. Individual water system operators must weigh these trade-offs and choose disinfection methods based on local water quality conditions and the needs and resources of the communities they serve.
Disinfection of potable water with chlorine has been practised for more than 90 years. Since that time no epidemic disease occurred in any of the countries where potable water is disinfected.
Chlorine can be applied directly to water as gas, or through the use of chlorinating chemicals. Other alternative disinfectants, such as chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet radiation, are also used to varying degrees.
Each disinfection technology has unique benefits, limitations, and costs. Individual water system operators must weigh these trade-offs and choose disinfection methods based on local water quality conditions and the needs and resources of the communities they serve.
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